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City of Nawabs - Hyderabad
Hyderabad is the largest city in Andhra Pradesh and also the state’s capital. It covers a total area of 650 sq km in the state. The city was established in 1591 AD by Sultan Muhammad Quli Qutub Shah when the city was a province of Deccan region of Mughal Empire. The city remained Mughal’s capital until 17 September 1948 when it was merged with Andhra State. Hyderabad rests on the banks of river Musi along with twin city Secunderabad. The city is ranked as the Best Heritage City of India in 2012 and beat the Heritage city, Mysore from its first position.
Tourism attraction of Hyderabad:
Since its establishment, Hyderabad has few of India’s noteworthy palaces in its heart. Today the city has become favourite tourist spot for foreigners and tourists from all over India mainly for possessing UNESCO Asia Pacific Heritage site of Chowmahalla Palace, The Charminar Fort, The Golconda Fort, Salarjung museum, Laad Bazaar, Hyderabad International Convention Centre (HICC), Shilpakala Vedika, Art Galleries, International Libraries, Hitex, AP State Archaeology Museum (former name was Hyderabad Museum), the Nizam Museum, the City Museum, the Birla Science Museum and for being the home of Telugu Film Industry often dubbed as Tollywood.
History:
City’s history is an interesting subject to historians because of the heritage of Nawabs and the Mughals who ruled it for centuries since its establishment. Hyderabad was once called Sobriquet City of Pearls as it was globally famous center for trading of diamonds and pearls. Though the city was established in 1591, archeological findings revealed few of instruments dated back at the time of Iron Age of 500 BCE. Ancient history marks that Hyderabad was ruled by many kings belonging to different dynasties, till it was merged with Andhra State. They are Chalukya Dynasty, Kakatiya Dynasty, Khilji Dynasty, Tughlaq Dynasty, Qutub Shahi Dynasty and finally the Nizams.
The city was very much developed during the Nizams rule as they established many educational institutions, hospitals, schools, colleges and universities where the teaching was done in Urdu language. The last Nizam ruler of Hyderabad agreed to give up his empire when the state was formed and the government of India made him Raj Pramukh if Hyderabad state. Initially Kurnool was the capital city of Andhra Pradesh but later Hyderabad was made the capital city owing to its urbanization.
Geography of Hyderabad:
Hyderabad exists along with the twin city Secunderabad and both are separated by Hussain Sagar Lake. Both the cities come under one municipal unit The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation. Two parts constitute to Hyderabad namely old city and new city. There are many bridges that separate these two areas among which Purana Pul is the oldest one existing today. Hyderabad is at an altitude of 1778 feet above the sea level. Other lakes of the city are Osman Sagar and Himayat.
Art and Architecture of the city:
The various museums and galleries display the Deccani style of paintings drawn in the 16th century times in Hyderabad. These paintings and art forms had blend of native Mughali style, foreign style and also Vijayanagara style in them. The Fine art metal handicraft, Bidri ware and The Kalamkari, another fine art of Handicraft are the famous handicraft style prevailing in the city since 18th century.
Architectural masterpieces of Hyderabad are the Charminar Palace, King Kothi Palace and many other palaces of Nizams time. Indo-islamic and European styles were imbibed by the crafters during that time. All the monuments and buildings constructed during that time were keenly focusing on these two styles is art and delivered masterpieces.
Administration:
The Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC) was formed in 2007 by merging MCH and 12 municipalities of two neighbouring districts. It is in charge of the civil administration and infrastructure of both Hyderabad and Secunderabad, and other two districts being Ranga Reddy and Medak. Two main government servants namely The City Mayor (titular head) and the Municipal Commissioner will be appointed by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to execute the powers in GHMC wing and to control the city’s administrational development. The State Election Commission (SEC) handles the municipal elections that are held in the city for every 5 years (one term).
Other main wings of administration active in Hyderabad are The Secunderabad Cantonment Board (SCB), The Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA), The Hyderabad Urban Development Authority (HUDA), Hyderabad Metropolitan Water Supply and Sewerage Board (HMWSSB), the Andhra Pradesh Transmission Corporation, and the Andhra Pradesh State Road Transport Corporation (APSRTC), The Hyderabad City Police, Cyberabad Police Commissionerate and Hyderabad Police Commissionerate. As the names suggest, different wings have officers and commissioners handling the respective aspects of the city. An exception in the list is the SCB which handles the administrative affairs of Indian Army base and Indian Air Force base in Hyderabad and Secunderabad cities. Secunderabad Cantonment Board comes under central government’s jurisdiction.
Transport in Hyderabad:
Transportation in Hyderabad is active in three different ways: Road, Rail and Air. Through roadways there are number of motorcycles, cars and public transport buses running in Hyderabad. Motorcycles account to 75% of the vehicles in the city along with other vehicles like auto-rickshaws, cars, and RTC buses. The national highways crossing passing through the city are NH 7, NH 9 and NH 202 and the state highways are SH 1, SH 2, SH 4, SH 5 and SH 6. APSRTC runs 3800 buses across the city and the auto-rickshaws are 71000 in number.
The second and important means of transportation active in Hyderabad is Railways. The Secunderabad Railway Station is the headquarters of the South Central Railway Zone of the Indian Railways and also the largest railway station in Hyderabad. Other railways stations operating in the city are Hyderabad Deccan Station, Kachiguda Railway Station and Begumpet Railway Station. The local railways also called as Multi Modal Transport System (MMTS) has many trains running across the city and to adjacent districts which are at a distance of 100km from main city. Hyderabad city Metro is also proposed recently and construction works have already started across the city which is expected to be active by the year 2014.
The third means of transport is airways and Hyderabad has only one international airport The Rajiv Gandhi International Airport (RGIA) in Shamshabad which was inaugurated on 14 March 2008. Earlier the active airport used to be the Begumpet Airport. RGIA is rated as one of the world's top airports in the category of serving 5 to 15 million passengers, and holds fifth position in the world for best Airport Service Quality rated by Airports Council International.
Education Hyderabad:
Colleges In Hyderabad | Educational Institutes | List of Hyderabad Colleges | Engineering Colleges | Medical Colleges | Business Schools | Dental Colleges | Pharmacy Colleges | Degree Colleges | Junior Colleges | Schools | Dance Institutes | Arts | libraries | Universities
Primary education is done in primary schools which are affiliated to CBSE, SSC and ICSE Boards and run by either government or private organizations. The main medium of teaching in schools is English and the rest are Hindi, Telugu and Urdu. The course of study is 10 years in school, 2 years in junior college where the students get a chance to choose among the disciplines available. These two years will decide what should be the under graduate courses to be pursued in the coming years. The disciplines for intermediate education are mathematics, biology, arts and commerce.
The undergraduate courses are pursued after the students are accessed through the Engineering Agricultural and Medical Common Entrance Test (EAMCET). They are then placed in various colleges mainly affiliated to Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTU) and Osmania University. Hyderabad also has few of national colleges like Indian Institute of Information Technology (IIIT), Indian Institute of Technology (IIT-Hyderabad), National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT) and Wigan and Leigh College.
Other main institutes of education are The Indian School of Business, The Institute of Chartered Financial Analysts of India (ICFAI) which is a famous business school, the Institute of Public Enterprise (IPE), The Administrative Staff College of India (ASCI), The Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Police Academy (SVP-NPA), five major medical schools: Osmania Medical College, Gandhi Medical College, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Shadan Institute Of Medical Sciences, The Government Nizamia Tibbi College which is a unani medicine college, The National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) which is centre of medical science and bio-medical education in Hyderabad, The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) and The Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University are the colleges for agricultural engineering.
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